谷脇 弘茂

Objectives: We examined whether selected factors were associated with activity limitation used to calculate the healthy life expectancy in accordance with the target of Health Japan 21 (the second term). Methods: Data for 6251 subjects were obtained from the Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions and the National Health and Nutrition Survey, both of which were conducted by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan in 2010. The age-adjusted odds ratios (AOR) of limitation of activity for the assessed factors were estimated using a logistic model.Results:, The percentage of persons with activity limitation was 12.1% of men and 15.6% of women. For men, low body mass index (BMI) (AOR: 2.02, p=0.008), high blood pressure (AOR: 1.53, p=0.021), high hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (AOR: 1.99, p=0.000), a small number of steps (AOR: 1.68, p=0.002), and high intake of salt (AOR: 0.69, p=0.010) were significantly associated with limitation of activity. For women, high BMI (AOR: 1.49, p=0.003), a small number of steps (AOR: 1.48, p=0.009), and high intake of salt (AOR: 0.77, p=0.017) were significantly associated with activity limitation. Conclusion: We identified several factors that were associated with activity limitation. Our results from cross-sectional data require careful interpretation before concluding whether these relationships are causal

保健統計に基づいて,糖尿病と高血圧の受療者数について,1995〜2002年の年次推移を観察した.また,複数の保健統計を組み合わせて,受療の有無別の有病者数の推移を検討し,これらの推移について,人口の年齢構成を調整した場合も検討した.糖尿病の年次推移は,通院者数と主傷病通院者数が増加傾向,総患者数と1日患者数がほぼ横ばい傾向であった.高血圧の年次推移は,通院者数が増加傾向,主傷病通院者数,総患者数と1日患者数が減少傾向であった.入口の年齢構成を調整すると,通院者数は糖尿病で増加傾向,高血圧でほぼ横ばい傾向となった.有病者数は両疾患ともに増加傾向で,人口の年齢構成を調整すると糖尿病で増加傾向,高血圧で減少傾向となった.有病者の受療割合は両疾患ともに20%程度で,やや上昇傾向であった

慢性閉塞性肺疾患の死亡について,性差,年齢差,地域差と年次推移を記述し,2020年までの死亡数の推計を試みた.慢性閉塞性肺疾患の死亡には,性差,年齢差と地域差を認めた.最近20年間の死亡数の推移は人口の高齢化の影響を強く受け,また,今後20年間で死亡数は約2倍になると推計した

Immune Response in Guinea Pigs Injected with Insoluble Beryllium Compounds: Tsutomu YOSHIDA, et al. Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine

The effects of cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni) on the humoral immune response were studied by two indexes of specific IgM antibody production against sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and polyclonal IgG antibody production in the spleens of mice intraperitoneally injected with cobalt chloride or nickel chloride.<br>An experiment for the effect of both metals on specific IgM production was carried out by measuring IgM plaque-forming cells in the spleens of mice intraperitoneally injected with both metal salts using 1/10, 1/100 or 1/200 of LD₅₀ for i. p. injection three times every other day and were immunized with SRBC on the day of the last injection of each metal salt. The other experiment for the effect of both metals on polyclonal IgG production was done by measuring, on days +3 or +6 in relation to the last injection of metal salts, polyclonal IgG-forming cells in the spleens of mice injected with both metal salts using 1/10 or 1/100 of LD₅₀ for i. p. injection three times every other day by the reverse plaque-forming method.<br>The following results may be drawn from this study:<br>1. Co may cause changes in the homeostasis of humoral immune response even more than affecting the immune system with immunotoxicity as antigenicity.<br>2. On the other hand, Ni may have antigenicity even more than an acting as immunomodulator influencing the immune system.

Forty-three workers exposed to low levels of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) during the process of producing polyurethane forms were examined immunologically for IgG, A, M, and E and serum enzyme activities such as serum angiotensin converting enzyme (SACE), serum lysozyme (SLZM) and glycylproline dipeptidyl aminopeptidase (GP-DAP). Air concentration of TDI was annually measured in various places of work during the past five years from 1979 to 1983. The results obtained in the present study were as follows.<br>1. The air concentration of TDI at all places of work was below the permissible concentration level of 0.02 ppm throughout the study period.<br>2. Subjective symptoms and abnormal findings on chest X-ray considered directly related to TDI exposure were not observed.<br>3. No remarkable abnormal findings in blood cell counts and in serum biochemical studies could be seen in any of the workers.<br>4. The serum IgG levels in workers directly exposed to TDI were significantly higher (p<0.05) than those in workers indirectly exposed to TDI and in non-exposed workers.<br>5. In the study of serum enzymatic activity, SLZM activity in workers exposed directly to TDI was significantly higher (p<0.01) than those in workers indirectly exposed to TDI and in non-exposed workers.