Dept. of Space Astronomy and Astrophysics
  1. 研究者リスト
  2. 山崎 典子

山崎 典子

ヤマサキ ノリコ  (Noriko YAMASAKI)

基本情報

所属
国立研究開発法人宇宙航空研究開発機構 宇宙科学研究所 宇宙物理学研究系 教授
東京大学大学院 理学系研究科 物理学専攻 教授
量子場計測システム国際拠点(QUP) (主任研究者)
北里大学大学院 理学研究科 客員教授
学位
博士（理学）(1996年3月 東京大学)
ORCID ID
 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4885-5537
J-GLOBAL ID
200901003330670433
Researcher ID
C-2252-2008
researchmap会員ID
5000019022
外部リンク

研究キーワード

 8

研究分野

 2

経歴

 2

学歴

 2

委員歴

 2

論文

 277
  • Kyoko Matsushita, Hayato Sugiyama, Masaki Ueda, Nobuhiro Okabe, Kotaro Fukushima, Shogo B Kobayashi, Noriko Y Yamasaki, Kosuke Sato
    Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 2026年3月3日  
    Abstract The thermodynamic properties of the intracluster medium (ICM) at the outskirts of galaxy clusters provide valuable insights into the growth of the dark matter halo and the heating of the ICM. Considering the results of the soft X-ray background study of noncluster Suzaku fields, we revisit 65 Suzaku pointing observations of the Perseus cluster in eight azimuthal directions beyond ${\sim }1$ Mpc ($\sim$0.8$r_{500}$). A possible foreground component, whose spectrum is modeled as a 1 keV collisional ionization equilibrium plasma, significantly affects the temperature and density measurements of the ICM in cluster outskirts. The emission measures in the six arms are similar, showing that the radial slopes of temperature and density follow $r^{-0.67\pm 0.25}$ and $r^{-2.21\pm 0.06}$, respectively. The radial pressure profile is close to the average profile measured by the Planck satellite. The resulting entropy slope is $\propto r^{0.81\pm 0.25}$, consistent with the theoretical slope of 1.1. The integrated gas fraction, the ratio of the integrated gas mass to the hydrostatic mass, is estimated to be 0.13 $\pm$ 0.01 and 0.18 $\pm$ 0.02 at $r_{500}$ and $r_{200}$, respectively, consistent with the cosmic baryon fraction. These results suggest that the ICM at the cluster outskirts is quite regular and close to hydrostatic equilibrium. The remaining two arms show that the emission measure is higher by a factor of 1.5–2, possibly due to accretion from filaments from the large-scale structure. A sudden drop in the emission measure also occurs in a direction toward one of the filaments.
  • Marc Audard, Hisamitsu Awaki, Ralf Ballhausen, Aya Bamba, Ehud Behar, Rozenn Boissay-Malaquin, Laura Brenneman, Gregory V. Brown, Lia Corrales, Elisa Costantini, Renata Cumbee, Maria Diaz Trigo, Chris Done, Tadayasu Dotani, Ken Ebisawa, Megan E. Eckart, Dominique Eckert, Satoshi Eguchi, Teruaki Enoto, Yuichiro Ezoe, Adam Foster, Ryuichi Fujimoto, Yutaka Fujita, Yasushi Fukazawa, Kotaro Fukushima, Akihiro Furuzawa, Luigi Gallo, Javier A. García, Liyi Gu, Matteo Guainazzi, Kouichi Hagino, Kenji Hamaguchi, Isamu Hatsukade, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Takayuki Hayashi, Natalie Hell, Edmund Hodges-Kluck, Ann Hornschemeier, Yuto Ichinohe, Daiki Ishi, Manabu Ishida, Kumi Ishikawa, Yoshitaka Ishisaki, Jelle Kaastra, Timothy Kallman, Erin Kara, Satoru Katsuda, Yoshiaki Kanemaru, Richard Kelley, Caroline Kilbourne, Shunji Kitamoto, Shogo Kobayashi, Takayoshi Kohmura, Aya Kubota, Maurice Leutenegger, Michael Loewenstein, Yoshitomo Maeda, Maxim Markevitch, Hironori Matsumoto, Kyoko Matsushita, Dan McCammon, Brian McNamara, François Mernier, Eric D. Miller, Jon M. Miller, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, Misaki Mizumoto, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Koji Mori, Koji Mukai, Hiroshi Murakami, Richard Mushotzky, Hiroshi Nakajima, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Jan-Uwe Ness, Kumiko Nobukawa, Masayoshi Nobukawa, Hirofumi Noda, Hirokazu Odaka, Shoji Ogawa, Anna Ogorzałek, Takashi Okajima, Naomi Ota, Stephane Paltani, Robert Petre, Paul Plucinsky, Frederick S. Porter, Katja Pottschmidt, Kosuke Sato, Toshiki Sato, Makoto Sawada, Hiromi Seta, Megumi Shidatsu, Aurora Simionescu, Randall Smith, Hiromasa Suzuki, Andrew Szymkowiak, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Mai Takeo, Toru Tamagawa, Keisuke Tamura, Takaaki Tanaka, Atsushi Tanimoto, Makoto Tashiro, Yukikatsu Terada, Yuichi Terashima, Yohko Tsuboi, Masahiro Tsujimoto, Hiroshi Tsunemi, Takeshi Tsuru, Ayşegül Tümer, Hiroyuki Uchida, Nagomi Uchida, Yuusuke Uchida, Hideki Uchiyama, Shutaro Ueda, Yoshihiro Ueda, Shinichiro Uno, Jacco Vink, Shin Watanabe, Brian J. Williams, Satoshi Yamada, Shinya Yamada, Hiroya Yamaguchi, Kazutaka Yamaoka, Noriko Yamasaki, Makoto Yamauchi, Shigeo Yamauchi, Tahir Yaqoob, Tomokage Yoneyama, Tessei Yoshida, Mihoko Yukita, Irina Zhuravleva, Matthew Charbonneau, Neo Dizdar, Masashi Fujita, Daisuke Ito, Jessica Martin, Hannah McCall, Helen Russell, John ZuHone
    The Astrophysical Journal 998(2) 210-210 2026年2月11日  
    Abstract The XRISM/Resolve microcalorimeter directly measured the gas velocities in the core of the Virgo Cluster, the closest example of active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback in a cluster. This proximity allows us to resolve the kinematic impact of feedback on scales down to 5 kpc. Our spectral analysis reveals a high velocity dispersion of km s −1 near the AGN, which steeply declines to ∼60 km s −1 between 5 and 25 kpc in the northwest direction. The observed line-of-sight bulk velocity in all regions is broadly consistent with the central galaxy, M87, with a mild trend toward blueshifted motions at larger radii. Systematic uncertainties have been carefully assessed and do not affect the measurements. The central velocities, if attributed entirely to isotropic turbulence, correspond to a transonic intracluster medium at sub-6 kpc scales with 3D Mach number and a nonthermal pressure fraction of . Simple models of weak shocks and sound waves and calculations assuming isotropic turbulence both support the hypothesis that the velocity field reflects a mix of shock-driven expansion and turbulence. Compared to other clusters observed by XRISM to date, M87’s central region stands out as the most kinematically disturbed, exhibiting both the highest velocity dispersion and the largest 3D Mach number, concentrated at the smallest physical scales.
  • F. Mernier, K. Fukushima, A. Simionescu, M. Kondo, A. Majumder, T. Plšek, N. Werner, Y. Fujita, K. Sato, K. Matsushita, M. Loewenstein, R. Mushotzky, J.-P. Breuer, R. Fujimoto, Y. Fukazawa, I. Hatsukade, K. Nakazawa, M. Urata, N. Yamasaki
    Astronomy & Astrophysics 706 A86-A86 2026年2月3日  
    Context. Hot, X-ray emitting atmospheres pervading galaxy clusters (and groups) are rich in metals, which have been synthesised and released by asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, core-collapse supernovae (SNcc), and Type Ia supernovae (SNIa) over cosmic history. This makes the intracluster medium (ICM) an ideal astrophysical system to constrain its chemical composition, and hence ultimately understand metal production and enrichment on megaparsec scales. Aims. In this work, we take advantage of the unprecedented ∼5 eV resolution offered by the Resolve instrument on board the XRISM observatory to measure the chemical composition of the core of the bright, nearby, and metal-rich Centaurus cluster with unprecedented accuracy. We use these measurements to provide constraints on the stellar populations having enriched the cluster core. Methods. Through a deep (287 ks) Resolve full-array spectral analysis of Centaurus, we derived the Fe abundance and its relative Si/Fe, S/Fe, Ar/Fe, Ca/Fe, Cr/Fe, Mn/Fe, and Ni/Fe ratios. We completed this high-resolution view with N/Fe, O/Fe, Ne/Fe, and Mg/Fe ratios obtained with XMM-Newton /RGS archival data. This abundance pattern was then fitted with various combinations of AGBs, SNcc and SNIa nucleosynthesis yields with the aim of constraining their explosion and/or progenitor models. Results. Similarly to the core of Perseus (from previous Hitomi /SXS results), we find that nine out of our 11 measured abundance ratios are formally consistent with the chemical composition of our Solar System (within uncertainties of the latter). However, the (super-solar) N/Fe and (half-solar) Mg/Fe ratios significantly differ from Perseus and/or other systems, and thus they provide tension with the picture of a fully solar composition ubiquitous to all systems. In addition, possible uncertainties in O/Fe and Ne/Fe with atomic codes highlight the need for studying more systems at high spectral resolution to assess (or rule out) the universality of the ICM composition in clusters’ cool cores. Combinations of (AGB+)SNcc+SNIa yield models can reproduce our observed X/Fe ratios in all cases. However, whether two distinct populations of SNIa are needed depends on the weight of our RGS measurements. We also briefly discuss the possibility of a multi-metallicity gas phase in this respect.
  • Marc Audard, Hisamitsu Awaki, Ralf Ballhausen, Aya Bamba, Ehud Behar, Rozenn Boissay-Malaquin, Laura Brenneman, Gregory V. Brown, Lia Corrales, Elisa Costantini, Renata Cumbee, María Díaz Trigo, Chris Done, Tadayasu Dotani, Ken Ebisawa, Megan E. Eckart, Dominique Eckert, Satoshi Eguchi, Teruaki Enoto, Yuichiro Ezoe, Adam Foster, Ryuichi Fujimoto, Yutaka Fujita, Yasushi Fukazawa, Kotaro Fukushima, Akihiro Furuzawa, Luigi Gallo, Javier A. García, Liyi Gu, Matteo Guainazzi, Kouichi Hagino, Kenji Hamaguchi, Isamu Hatsukade, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Takayuki Hayashi, Natalie Hell, Edmund Hodges-Kluck, Ann Hornschemeier, Yuto Ichinohe, Daiki Ishi, Manabu Ishida, Kumi Ishikawa, Yoshitaka Ishisaki, Jelle Kaastra, Timothy Kallman, Erin Kara, Satoru Katsuda, Yoshiaki Kanemaru, Richard Kelley, Caroline Kilbourne, Shunji Kitamoto, Shogo Kobayashi, Takayoshi Kohmura, Aya Kubota, Maurice Leutenegger, Michael Loewenstein, Yoshitomo Maeda, Maxim Markevitch, Hironori Matsumoto, Kyoko Matsushita, Dan McCammon, Brian McNamara, François Mernier, Eric D. Miller, Jon M. Miller, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, Misaki Mizumoto, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Koji Mori, Koji Mukai, Hiroshi Murakami, Richard Mushotzky, Hiroshi Nakajima, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Jan-Uwe Ness, Kumiko Nobukawa, Masayoshi Nobukawa, Hirofumi Noda, Hirokazu Odaka, Shoji Ogawa, Anna Ogorzalek, Takashi Okajima, Naomi Ota, Stephane Paltani, Robert Petre, Paul Plucinsky, Frederick S. Porter, Katja Pottschmidt, Kosuke Sato, Toshiki Sato, Makoto Sawada, Hiromi Seta, Megumi Shidatsu, Aurora Simionescu, Randall Smith, Hiromasa Suzuki, Andrew Szymkowiak, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Mai Takeo, Toru Tamagawa, Keisuke Tamura, Takaaki Tanaka, Atsushi Tanimoto, Makoto Tashiro, Yukikatsu Terada, Yuichi Terashima, Yohko Tsuboi, Masahiro Tsujimoto, Hiroshi Tsunemi, Takeshi G. Tsuru, Ayşegül Tümer, Hiroyuki Uchida, Nagomi Uchida, Yuusuke Uchida, Hideki Uchiyama, Yoshihiro Ueda, Shinichiro Uno, Jacco Vink, Shin Watanabe, Brian J. Williams, Satoshi Yamada, Shinya Yamada, Hiroya Yamaguchi, Kazutaka Yamaoka, Noriko Yamasaki, Makoto Yamauchi, Shigeo Yamauchi, Tahir Yaqoob, Tomokage Yoneyama, Tessei Yoshida, Mihoko Yukita, Ian Drury, Julie Hlavacek-Larrondo, Julian Meunier, Kostas Migkas, Lior Shefler, Phillip C. Stancil, Nhut Truong, Shutaro Ueda, Benjamin Vigneron, John ZuHone, Congyao Zhang, Annie Heinrich, Irina Zhuravleva, Elena Bellomi
    Nature 650(8101) 309-313 2026年1月28日  
  • Marc Audard, Hisamitsu Awaki, Ralf Ballhausen, Aya Bamba, Ehud Behar, Rozenn Boissay-Malaquin, Laura Brenneman, Gregory V. Brown, Lia Corrales, Elisa Costantini, Renata Cumbee, Maria Diaz-Trigo, Chris Done, Tadayasu Dotani, Ken Ebisawa, Megan Eckart, Dominique Eckert, Teruaki Enoto, Satoshi Eguchi, Yuichiro Ezoe, Adam Foster, Ryuichi Fujimoto, Yutaka Fujita, Yasushi Fukazawa, Kotaro Fukushima, Akihiro Furuzawa, Luigi Gallo, Javier A. Garcia, Liyi Gu, Matteo Guainazzi, Kouichi Hagino, Kenji Hamaguchi, Isamu Hatsukade, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Takayuki Hayashi, Natalie Hell, Edmund Hodges-Kluck, Ann Hornschemeier, Yuto Ichinohe, Daiki Ishi, Manabu Ishida, Kumi Ishikawa, Yoshitaka Ishisaki, Jelle Kaastra, Timothy Kallman, Erin Kara, Satoru Katsuda, Yoshiaki Kanemaru, Richard Kelley, Caroline Kilbourne, Shunji Kitamoto, Shogo Kobayashi, Takayoshi Kohmura, Aya Kubota, Maurice Leutenegger, Michael Loewenstein, Yoshitomo Maeda, Maxim Markevitch, Hironori Matsumoto, Kyoko Matsushita, Dan McCammon, Brian McNamara, Francois Mernier, Eric D. Miller, Jon M. Miller, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, Misaki Mizumoto, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Koji Mori, Koji Mukai, Hiroshi Murakami, Richard Mushotzky, Hiroshi Nakajima, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Jan-Uwe Ness, Kumiko Nobukawa, Masayoshi Nobukawa, Hirofumi Noda, Hirokazu Odaka, Shoji Ogawa, Anna Ogorzalek, Takashi Okajima, Naomi Ota, Stephane Paltani, Robert Petre, Paul Plucinsky, Frederick Scott Porter, Katja Pottschmidt, Kosuke Sato, Toshiki Sato, Makoto Sawada, Hiromi Seta, Megumi Shidatsu, Aurora Simionescu, Randall Smith, Hiromasa Suzuki, Andrew Szymkowiak, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Mai Takeo, Toru Tamagawa, Keisuke Tamura, Takaaki Tanaka, Atsushi Tanimoto, Makoto Tashiro, Yukikatsu Terada, Yuichi Terashima, Yohko Tsuboi, Masahiro Tsujimoto, Hiroshi Tsunemi, Takeshi G. Tsuru, Hiroyuki Uchida, Nagomi Uchida, Yuusuke Uchida, Hideki Uchiyama, Yoshihiro Ueda, Shinichiro Uno, Jacco Vink, Shin Watanabe, Brian J. Williams, Satoshi Yamada, Shinya Yamada, Hiroya Yamaguchi, Kazutaka Yamaoka, Noriko Yamasaki, Makoto Yamauchi, Shigeo Yamauchi, Tahir Yaqoob, Tomokage Yoneyama, Tessei Yoshida, Mihoko Yukita, Irina Zhuravleva, Shin-ichiro Fujimoto, Kai Matsunaga, Manan Agarwal
    NATURE ASTRONOMY 10(1) 2026年1月  
もっとみる

MISC

 204
  • 近藤麻里恵, 佐藤浩介, 松下恭子, 藤田裕, 福島光太郎, 山崎典子, 藤本龍一, 深澤泰司, 浦田岬, BREUER Jean-Paul, 廿日出勇, SIMIONESCU Aurora, 中澤知洋, MERNIER Francois, LOEWENSTEIN Michael, MAJUMDER Anwesh, WERNER Norbert, PLSEK Thomas, SUN Ming, HOSOGI Kokoro
    日本天文学会年会講演予稿集 2025 2025年  
  • 松下恭子, 杉山剣人, 上田将暉, 福島光太郎, 小林翔悟, 山崎典子, 佐藤浩介
    日本天文学会年会講演予稿集 2024 2024年  
  • 福島光太郎, 山崎典子, 藤本龍一, 藤田裕, 佐藤浩介, 近藤麻里恵, 松下恭子, 深澤泰司, 浦田岬, 廿日出勇, SIMIONESCU Aurora, 中澤知洋, MERNIER Francois, LOEWENSTEIN Michael, MAJUMDER Anwesh, WERNER Norbert, PLSEK Thomas, SUN Ming
    日本天文学会年会講演予稿集 2024 2024年  
  • UCHIDA Y., ISHISAKI Y., KELLEY R. L., AWAKI H., BALLEZA J. C., BARNSTABLE K. R., BIALAS T. G., BOISSAY-MALAQUIN R., BROWN G. V., CANAVAN E. R., CARNAHAN T. M., CHIAO M. P., COMBER B. J., COSTANTINI E., CUMBEE R. S., DEN HERDER J.-W., DERCKSEN J., DE VRIES C. P., DIPIRRO M. J., ECKART M. E., EZOE Y., FERRIGNO C., FUJIMOTO R., GORTER N., GRAHAM S. M., GRIM M., HARTZ L. S., HAYAKAWA R., HAYASHI T., HELL N., ICHINOHE Y., IIZUKA R., ISHI D., ISHIDA M., ISHIKAWA K., JAMES B. L., KANEMARU Y., KENYON S. J., KILBOURNE C. A., KIMBALL M. O., KITAMOTO S., LEUTENEGGER M. A., MAEDA Y., MCCAMMON D., MALAUGHLIN B. J., MIKO J. J., VAN DER MEER E., MIZUMOTO M., OKAJIMA T., OKAMOTO A., PALTANI S., PORTER F. S., REICHENTHAL L. S., SATO K., SATO T., SATO Y., SAWADA M., SHINOZAKI K., SHIPMAN R. F., SHIRRON P. J., SNEIDERMAN G. A., SOONG Y., SZYMKIEWICZ R., SZYMKOWIAK A. E., TAKEI Y., TAKEO M., TAMURA K., TSUJIMOTO M., WASSERZUG S., WITTHOEFT M. C., WOLFS R., YAMADA S., YAMASAKI N., YASUDA S.
    日本天文学会年会講演予稿集 2024 2024年  
  • 小林翔悟, 福島光太郎, 伊師大貴, 山崎典子, 佐藤浩介
    地球電磁気・地球惑星圏学会総会及び講演会(Web) 156th 2024年  
もっとみる

担当経験のある科目(授業)

 1

所属学協会

 3

共同研究・競争的資金等の研究課題

 22
もっとみる

教育内容やその他の工夫

 1
  • 件名
    宇宙研での大学院教育
    概要
    宇宙の構造形成の観測的研究を主に極低温観測技術を用いて行なっている。東京大学，北里大学から大学院学生をうけいれ，大学院では，新しい検出器の開発とその応用および観測的研究の専門教育を行なう。大学院では，「誰もやったことがないこと」を自ら行なう力をつけることを目標にする。

● 指導学生等の数

 10
  • 年度
    2018年度(FY2018)
    博士課程学生数
    1
    修士課程学生数
    1
  • 年度
    2019年度(FY2019)
    博士課程学生数
    1
    修士課程学生数
    3
  • 年度
    2020年度(FY2020)
    博士課程学生数
    1
    修士課程学生数
    3
  • 年度
    2018年度(FY2018)
    博士課程学生数
    1
    修士課程学生数
    1
  • 年度
    2019年度(FY2019)
    博士課程学生数
    1
    修士課程学生数
    3
  • 年度
    2020年度(FY2020)
    博士課程学生数
    1
    修士課程学生数
    3
  • 年度
    2022年度(FY2022)
    博士課程学生数
    3
    修士課程学生数
    2
  • 年度
    2023年度(FY2023)
    博士課程学生数
    2
    修士課程学生数
    1
  • 年度
    2024年度(FY2024)
    博士課程学生数
    2
    修士課程学生数
    2
  • 年度
    2025年度(FY2025)
    博士課程学生数
    2
    修士課程学生数
    5

● 指導学生の顕著な論文

 6
  • 指導学生名
    高久諒太
    所属大学
    東京大学
    著者名, ジャーナル名, 巻号ページ（出版年）
    Takaku et al. , Journal of Applied Physics, 128(22), id.225302, (2020)
    論文タイトル
    Broadband, millimeter-wave anti-reflective structures on sapphire ablatedwith femto-second laser
    DOI
    http://doi.org/10.1063/5.0022765
  • 指導学生名
    中島裕貴
    所属大学
    Univ. of Tokyo
    著者名, ジャーナル名, 巻号ページ（出版年）
    Nakashima et al. Applied Physics Letters, 117 122601 (2020)
    論文タイトル
    Low-noise microwave SQUID multiplexed readout of 38 x-ray transition-edge sensor microcalorimeters
    DOI
    http://doi.org/10.1063/5.0016333
  • 指導学生名
    紺野良平
    所属大学
    Kitasato Univ.
    著者名, ジャーナル名, 巻号ページ（出版年）
    Konno et al. Journal of Low Temperature Physics 199, 654 (2019)
    論文タイトル
    Development of TES micsrocalorimters with solar-axion converter
    DOI
    http://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-019-02257-9
  • 指導学生名
    山本亮
    所属大学
    Univ. of Tokyo
    著者名, ジャーナル名, 巻号ページ（出版年）
    Yamamoto et al. , Journal of Cosmokogy and Astrophysics, 02 (2020) 011
    論文タイトル
    A Search for a Contribution from Axion-Like Particles to the X-Ray Diffuse Background Utilizing the Earth's Magnetic Field
    DOI
    http://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2020/02/011
  • 指導学生名
    関谷典央
    所属大学
    University. of Tokyo
    著者名, ジャーナル名, 巻号ページ（出版年）
    Sekiya, Yamasaki, and Mitsuda, Publications of Astronomical Society in Japan, 68(SP1), S31 (2016)
    論文タイトル
    Search for a keV Signature of Radiatively Decaying Dark Matter with Suzaku XIS Observations of the X-ray Diffuse Background
    DOI
    http://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/psv081
  • 指導学生名
    三石郁之
    所属大学
    Univ. of Tokyo
    著者名, ジャーナル名, 巻号ページ（出版年）
    Mitsuishi, Yamasaki, and Takei, Publications of Astronomical Society in Japan, 65, 44 (2013)
    論文タイトル
    An X-Ray Study of the Galactic-Scale Starburst-Driven Outflow in NGC 253
    DOI
    http://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/65.2.44

● 専任大学名

 1
  • 専任大学名
    東京大学（University of Tokyo)

● 所属する所内委員会

 1
  • 所内委員会名
    ナノエレクトロニクスクリーンルーム運営委員会
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