大工原 一貴

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>We use multi-object near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy with VLT/KMOS to investigate the role of the environment in the evolution of the ionized gas properties of narrow-band selected Hα emitters (HAEs) in the Spiderweb protocluster at z = 2.16. Based on rest-frame optical emission lines, Hα and [N ii]λ6584, we confirm the cluster membership of 39 of our targets (i.e. 93 per cent success rate), and measure their star-formation rates (SFR), gas-phase oxygen abundances and effective radius. We parametrize the environment where our targets reside by using local and global density indicators based on previous samples of spectroscopic and narrow-band cluster members. We find that star-forming galaxies embedded in the Spiderweb protocluster display SFRs compatible with those of the main sequence and morphologies comparable to those of late-type galaxies at z = 2.2 in the field. We also report a mild gas-phase metallicity enhancement (0.6 ± 0.3 dex) at intermediate stellar-masses. Furthermore, we identify two UVJ-selected quiescent galaxies with residual Hα-based star formation and find signs of extreme dust obscuration in a small sample of SMGs based on their FIR and Hα emission. Interestingly, the spatial distribution of these objects differs from the rest of HAEs, avoiding the protocluster core. Finally, we explore the gas fraction-gas metallicity diagram for 7 galaxies with molecular gas masses measured by ATCA using CO(1-0). In the context of the gas-regulator model, our objects are consistent with relatively low mass-loading factors, suggesting lower outflow activity than field samples at the cosmic noon and thus, hinting at the onset of environmental effects in this massive protocluster.</jats:p>

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration (LVC) sent out 56 gravitational-wave (GW) notices during the third observing run (O3). The Japanese Collaboration for Gravitational wave ElectroMagnetic follow-up (J-GEM) performed optical and near-infrared observations to identify and observe an electromagnetic (EM) counterpart. We constructed a web-based system that enabled us to obtain and share information on candidate host galaxies for the counterpart, and the status of our observations. Candidate host galaxies were selected from the GLADE catalog with a weight based on the 3D GW localization map provided by LVC. We conducted galaxy-targeted and wide-field blind surveys, real-time data analysis, and visual inspection of observed galaxies. We performed galaxy-targeted follow-ups to 23 GW events during O3, and the maximum probability covered by our observations reached 9.8$\%$. Among these, we successfully started observations for 10 GW events within 0.5 days after the detection. This result demonstrates that our follow-up observation has the potential to constrain EM radiation models for a merger of binary neutron stars at a distance of up to $\sim$100 Mpc with a probability area of $\leq$ 500 deg$^2$.</jats:p>

We report imaging observations for the gravitational wave event S200114f (LVC, GCN Circ. 26734). We started our observations from 2020-01-14 17:55 UT (MJD=58862.75) about 16 hour after the event and ended at 2020-01-16 11:56 UT (MJD=58864.50). We performed galaxy-targeted observations for 56 galaxies (see the table below) selected from the Catalog and Atlas of the LV galaxies (LVG) (Karachentsev et al., 2004) and the GLADE catalog (Dalya et al. 2018) in the probability skymap of S200114f using the following telescopes and instruments. We found no apparent transient objects in these galaxies to 5 sigma limiting magnitudes in the AB system listed below. galid ra dec dist J H Ks R obsid -------------- -------- -------- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ------------------- UGCA193 150.6508 -6.0119 9.7 -- 18.2 -- 19.3 Kanata-HONIR SexA 152.7533 -4.6928 1.45 -- 18.7 -- 19.2 Kanata-HONIR MCG_-01-26-009 150.39 -6.525 9.7 -- 18.3 -- 18.8 Kanata-HONIR GALFA-Dw4 86.4367 10.7711 7.22 18.5 18.0 17.5 -- Nayuta-NIC,OAOWFC KKSG15 148.7937 -6.27 9.7 -- 17.4 -- 18.2 Kanata-HONIR NGC3115 151.3083 -7.7186 9.68 -- 16.7 -- 17.5 Kanata-HONIR KKSG18 151.4233 -7.9814 9.7 -- -- -- 18.7 Kanata-HONIR UGC03303 81.2479 4.505 7.14 -- 15.2 -- -- Kanata-HONIR KKSG17 150.41 -8.2489 9.7 -- 18.2 -- 18.7 Kanata-HONIR KK49 85.4229 6.6817 5.15 18.2 18.1 17.8 -- OAOWFC,Nayuta-NIC ESO483-013 63.1712 -23.1589 7.4 18.5 -- -- -- OAOWFC Orion 86.2583 5.0683 6.46 17.4 17.8 17.2 -- OAOWFC,Nayuta-NIC A0554+07 89.4029 7.4919 5.5 18.1 18.4 18.0 -- Nayuta-NIC IC0559 146.1829 9.6153 9.4 18.0 18.5 -- -- OAOWFC,Kanata-HONIR DDO047 115.4792 16.8006 8.17 -- 18.4 -- 19.4 Kanata-HONIR KK65 115.63 16.5611 7.98 -- 18.1 -- 19.7 Kanata-HONIR SexDSph 153.2625 -1.6144 0.09 -- 18.6 -- 19.5 Kanata-HONIR AGC174585 114.0429 9.9864 7.73 -- 18.3 -- 19.5 Kanata-HONIR UGC03755 108.4658 10.5219 7.69 17.8 18.5 -- 19.6 OAOWFC,Kanata-HONIR galid ra dec dist R J H obsid --------------- -------- ------- -------- ---- ---- ---- ------------ GL071852+154033 109.7152 15.676 149.7351 19.4 -- 18.1 Kanata-HONIR GL071845+145748 109.6861 14.9632 130.0695 19.6 -- 18.3 Kanata-HONIR GL072133+151443 110.3871 15.2453 121.4037 19.8 -- 18.3 Kanata-HONIR GL071720+170810 109.3354 17.136 117.0489 20.6 -- 19.1 Kanata-HONIR GL071709+170909 109.2889 17.1524 103.1961 20.6 -- 19.1 Kanata-HONIR GL071904+173407 109.7671 17.5685 195.1108 20.7 -- 19.3 Kanata-HONIR GL071623+163821 109.0957 16.639 59.5044 19.9 -- 18.7 Kanata-HONIR GL071847+174335 109.6968 17.7263 176.0128 20.1 -- 18.8 Kanata-HONIR GL072201+145837 110.5043 14.9769 187.75 20.2 -- 19.0 Kanata-HONIR GL071622+170440 109.0936 17.0776 184.4045 17.9 -- 17.4 Kanata-HONIR GL072235+152917 110.6464 15.488 159.6764 19.8 -- 18.6 Kanata-HONIR GL072235+161218 110.6446 16.2049 116.4286 20.1 -- 19.3 Kanata-HONIR GL072220+171713 110.5836 17.2869 36.6017 19.2 -- 17.8 Kanata-HONIR GL071536+150837 108.898 15.1436 66.3962 -- 18.0 -- OAOWFC GL071535+150837 108.8977 15.1436 69.2797 -- 18.0 -- OAOWFC GL071543+145815 108.9296 14.9708 131.15 -- 18.0 -- OAOWFC GL071851+133129 109.712 13.5247 65.5892 18.7 -- 17.5 Kanata-HONIR GL071452+142253 108.7168 14.3813 124.0912 19.7 -- 18.5 Kanata-HONIR GL071240+180941 108.1675 18.1615 186.3849 -- 18.2 -- OAOWFC GL071936+124014 109.9003 12.6707 119.1697 21.1 -- 19.7 Kanata-HONIR GL071311+185631 108.2938 18.9419 145.9523 -- 17.8 -- OAOWFC GL071204+180027 108.0146 18.0076 131.0155 -- 18.2 -- OAOWFC GL071310+185946 108.2929 18.9961 72.2583 -- 17.8 -- OAOWFC GL071248+184749 108.1999 18.7969 192.7041 -- 17.8 -- OAOWFC GL071145+180852 107.9363 18.1479 155.8316 -- 18.2 -- OAOWFC GL071150+181518 107.9597 18.2551 73.6389 -- 18.2 -- OAOWFC GL071141+180841 107.9205 18.1448 185.7368 -- 18.2 -- OAOWFC GL071214+184901 108.0576 18.8171 132.0515 -- 17.8 -- OAOWFC GL071242+142548 108.1734 14.4301 122.0519 20.3 -- 19.0 Kanata-HONIR GL072527+130403 111.3637 13.0676 147.6425 15.7 -- 14.5 Kanata-HONIR GL071150+190004 107.9573 19.0012 183.6792 -- 17.8 -- OAOWFC GL071311+134507 108.2944 13.7519 169.5679 20.3 -- 19.1 Kanata-HONIR GL071553+120654 108.969 12.1149 30.1852 -- -- 19.0 Kanata-HONIR GL072540+120523 111.4156 12.0898 132.9442 16.9 -- 15.9 Kanata-HONIR GL071105+144312 107.7713 14.7201 150.29 20.7 -- 19.3 Kanata-HONIR GL072557+120332 111.4872 12.0589 132.9218 16.9 -- -- Kanata-HONIR GL071726+124102 109.3597 12.6838 178.0517 20.4 -- 19.3 Kanata-HONIR Kanata-HONIR: 150 cm Kanata telescope at Higashi-Hiroshima Observatory and HONIR -- a 2 channel imager (Rc and H or J) (Akitaya et al. 2014, Proc. SPIE 9147, 91474O) Nayuta-NIC: 200 cm Nayuta telescope at Nishi-Harima Astronomical Observatory and Nishiharima Infrared Camera, NIC (J, H, Ks) OAOWFC: 91 cm Okayama Astrophysical Observatory NIR Wide Field Camera, OAOWFC (J) (Yanagisawa et al., 2019, PASJ, 71, 118)...

We report imaging observations for the gravitational wave event S191213g (Mo et al, GCN Circ. 26402). We started our observations from 2019-12-13 19:57 UT (MJD=58830.83) and ended at 2019-12-15 21:01 UT (MJD=58833.20). We performed galaxy-targeted observations for 57 galaxies (see the table below) selected from the GLADE catalog (Dalya et al. 2018) in the probability skymap of S191213g using the following telescopes and instruments. We found no apparent transient objects in these galaxies to 5 sigma limiting magnitudes in the AB system listed below. galid ra dec dist G R I H J Ks obsid --------------- -------- -------- -------- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ------------------------------------------ GL064456-024108 101.2334 -2.6857 125.3799 -- -- -- 15.8 15.3 15.6 Nayuta-NIC GL070356-021440 105.9841 -2.2444 127.5066 14.1 14.0 14.4 19.3 19.2 19.1 MITSuME-Akeno,Nayuta-NIC GL065954-002528 104.9738 -0.4243 64.0723 -- -- -- 19.3 19.4 19.5 OAOWFC,Nayuta-NIC GL070339-021538 105.9108 -2.2606 133.3974 14.1 14.0 14.4 20.2 19.6 20.5 MITSuME-Akeno,Nayuta-NIC GL070527+013843 106.3616 1.6452 101.6106 14.2 14.6 16.3 18.8 18.7 18.7 MITSuME-Okayama,Nayuta-NIC GL070117-071133 105.321 -7.1926 42.9765 -- -- -- 19.6 19.4 20.5 Nayuta-NIC GL065018-025140 102.5737 -2.861 32.2429 -- 17.8 -- 17.4 -- -- Kanata-HONIR GL065354-033741 103.4745 -3.6281 160.6225 15.7 14.9 15.3 19.0 18.8 -- MITSuME-Akeno,Nayuta-NIC GL070332+011707 105.8844 1.2854 78.8108 15.6 14.5 15.3 17.9 18.0 17.6 MITSuME-Akeno,Nayuta-NIC GL070427+003258 106.1121 0.5494 129.2359 15.9 15.8 15.4 18.4 18.1 18.1 MITSuME-Akeno,Nayuta-NIC GL054739-103552 86.9112 -10.5978 176.2266 14.8 15.2 16.2 -- -- -- MITSuME-Okayama GL070424-020546 106.102 -2.0961 115.5631 14.1 14.0 14.4 18.5 17.9 18.0 OAOWFC,MITSuME-Akeno,Nayuta-NIC GL065048-033629 102.701 -3.608 134.8382 14.2 14.5 14.9 -- 16.6 -- OAOWFC,MITSuME-Akeno,MITSuME-Okayama GL065545-022221 103.9366 -2.3726 118.4552 15.7 15.6 15.7 17.7 17.2 17.2 MITSuME-Akeno,Nayuta-NIC GL070256+014001 105.7317 1.6668 206.5006 15.7 15.4 15.8 18.4 -- -- MITSuME-Akeno,Nayuta-NIC GL055137-123354 87.906 -12.5649 100.1857 -- 19.9 -- -- -- -- Kanata-HONIR GL070441-014849 106.1701 -1.8137 106.8234 15.8 15.3 15.7 -- 18.2 -- OAOWFC,MITSuME-Akeno,MITSuME-Okayama GL065246-004356 103.1902 -0.7322 202.594 15.7 15.4 16.1 18.1 17.9 17.7 MITSuME-Akeno,Nayuta-NIC GL070528+021258 106.3674 2.216 127.8873 14.9 15.6 16.9 19.5 19.2 19.4 OAOWFC,MITSuME-Okayama,Nayuta-NIC GL064834+014539 102.14 1.7608 126.8035 14.2 15.2 16.6 19.1 19.0 19.0 MITSuME-Okayama,Nayuta-NIC GL054550-073754 86.4591 -7.6316 96.7483 -- 19.3 -- 18.0 -- -- Kanata-HONIR GL054031-113956 85.1306 -11.6656 105.1381 15.6 15.1 15.6 -- -- -- MITSuME-Akeno GL065050-033643 102.7096 -3.6119 133.5814 14.2 14.5 14.9 -- 16.6 -- OAOWFC,MITSuME-Akeno,MITSuME-Okayama GL055013-100702 87.556 -10.1171 95.3345 14.2 17.3 17.6 14.2 -- -- Kanata-HONIR,MITSuME-Akeno,MITSuME-Okayama GL055007-101040 87.5301 -10.1777 95.2902 17.0 17.3 17.6 14.2 -- -- Kanata-HONIR,MITSuME-Akeno,MITSuME-Okayama GL064601-025210 101.5057 -2.8694 33.4783 -- 16.9 -- 16.3 -- -- Kanata-HONIR GL055012-034512 87.5482 -3.7534 89.1294 16.1 16.5 16.8 -- 17.2 -- OAOWFC,MITSuME-Akeno GL070444+004517 106.1842 0.7546 212.4867 15.9 15.8 15.4 -- -- -- MITSuME-Akeno GL070951-014042 107.462 -1.6783 120.9344 -- 19.1 -- 18.5 -- -- Kanata-HONIR GL065037-035300 102.6533 -3.8832 118.7856 16.1 16.5 12.8 -- 16.6 -- OAOWFC,MITSuME-Akeno,MITSuME-Okayama GL055213-101130 88.0555 -10.1917 99.2893 14.2 19.9 15.7 18.5 -- -- MITSuME-Okayama,Kanata-HONIR GL055300-175234 88.2503 -17.876 46.263 -- 17.0 -- 16.3 -- -- Kanata-HONIR GL070542+002324 106.4269 0.39 103.5782 14.9 19.5 16.0 18.7 -- -- MITSuME-Akeno,Kanata-HONIR GL071033+000916 107.6379 0.1545 168.6599 -- 18.3 -- 17.9 -- -- Kanata-HONIR GL054844-124124 87.1823 -12.69 99.3381 16.1 16.2 17.1 -- -- -- MITSuME-Okayama GL054710-033735 86.7899 -3.6264 166.7677 16.6 16.5 16.7 -- -- -- MITSuME-Akeno GL064135-052241 100.3941 -5.378 64.7166 13.3 13.1 13.2 13.2 -- -- Kanata-HONIR,MITSuME-Okayama GL054801-130903 87.0031 -13.151 190.3952 15.5 16.4 16.8 -- -- -- MITSuME-Akeno GL065032-035004 102.6352 -3.8344 166.4003 16.1 16.5 12.8 -- 16.6 -- OAOWFC,MITSuME-Akeno,MITSuME-Okayama GL054648-115200 86.7017 -11.8666 151.0302 16.4 16.0 16.4 -- -- -- MITSuME-Akeno GL055347-093300 88.4456 -9.5498 194.1131 14.3 14.2 15.9 99.9 -- -- MITSuME-Okayama,Kanata-HONIR GL070455-014548 106.2288 -1.7635 208.9038 15.8 15.3 15.7 -- 18.2 -- OAOWFC,MITSuME-Akeno,MITSuME-Okayama GL055038-100231 87.6584 -10.042 94.9447 14.2 17.3 17.6 -- -- -- MITSuME-Akeno,MITSuME-Okayama GL065618-020809 104.077 -2.1357 193.6556 -- -- 15.7 -- -- -- MITSuME-Akeno GL070952-014416 107.4668 -1.7377 143.0518 -- 19.1 -- 18.5 -- -- Kanata-HONIR GL070254+013958 105.7264 1.666 219.1155 15.7 15.4 15.8 -- -- -- MITSuME-Akeno GL065143-021913 102.9282 -2.3204 174.5572 15.3 15.0 14.9 -- -- -- MITSuME-Akeno GL064922-045337 102.3411 -4.8937 86.7517 16.0 15.3 14.2 -- -- -- MITSuME-Akeno GL06295...