Hironobu Oda

本稿は、2010年代以降に全国へ波及したサテライトオフィス誘致の先行事例として、徳島県で展開された「徳島モデル」を再検討するものである。とくに、本稿ではサテライトオフィスという概念の多義性を整理したうえで、地方創生型の実践として成立した徳島県の経験を、政策形成の経緯と地域ごとの差異に着目して考察した。徳島県では、震災後のBCP需要、県全域に整備された通信基盤、情報産業の働き方の変化という外部要因が重なり、市町村・NPO・民間企業が協働して誘致施策を構築した点に特徴がある。なかでも神山町・美波町・にし阿波地域は、各地域の制度的基盤や主体構造に応じて異なるモデルを形成しつつ、外部企業との日常的接触を通じて新たな価値創出を実現した。本稿は、こうした多元的な展開が地域の関係人口の増加や小規模な集積形成をもたらし、地方における新しい働き方と地域経済再編の可能性を提示していることを明らかにした。

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the decline process of the textile industry in Tsuru City, Yamanashi Prefecture, based on documents about the surplus loom disposal project. It also aims to clarify the process by which such a regional economic transformation was achieved. As a result, the overall distribution map of weaving factories shows that the small concentration of weaving factories in the surrounding mountainous areas was eliminated and converged in the urban area centering on the Yamura district. Furthermore, that concentration was eventually eliminated in the central area as well. A more detailed analysis of the production structure reveals that the selection process began with the elimination of the wool fabric mills at the edges of the city's periphery, and that although they showed relative strength in the city center, where a narrow production system for traditional textiles was formed, they were eventually forced to shrink. In the case of traditional textiles, the process of downsizing was not a simple one of elimination from the end of the production line, but rather a process in which the parent, current owner, or higher-level weavers reduced their own looms or discontinued production, thereby increasing their dependence on contracted weavers. In other words, the surplus loom disposal project did not lead to the strengthening of competitiveness through the concentration of production in the hands of the leading firms, as the government had initially directed, but in the case of Tsuru City, it was a process of “flexible” overall production reduction.

Sinc the 2010s, there has been a growing movement in Japan to revitalize local economies and communities by attracting satellite offices of IT companies. Kamiyama Town and Minami Town in Tokushima Prefecture have played a pioneering role in this movement. In this paper, we use the town of Minami as a case study. Through interviews with companies in these towns, we attempt to clarify what factors led to the concentration of satellite offices and what impact the economic formation of these concentrations has had on the local economy and society. The satellite office business in Minami Town has been strongly promoted by the public-private collaboration between the public venture “Awae Co., Ltd.” and the town office. The owners or employees of the companies that set up satellite offices felt a sense of stagnation in business and life in the big cities, and sought new possibilities in Minami Town. The new locations have demonstrated the classic economy of agglomeration in terms of shared facilities and shared values. Many of the people who work there are motivated by the enjoyment of outdoor activities and sports, but they also find satisfaction in fulfilling some kind of “duty” in the local community. In addition, the companies that have established themselves in the region are actively trying to develop new products and services by considering the local issues as “seeds” for new products and services, as well as by appealing to new corporate values to attract human resources and orders.

In this paper, with Nagai City, Yamagata Prefecture, as a case study, we clarify the form of the manufacturing industry after the withdrawal of branch factories. We also discuss how independent and stable development can be achieved in a small city in a rural area. From the perspective of industrial diversification, the paper analyzes not only the transition of businesses and production items of electrical companies, but also the trends of craft industries such as sake brewing, toy woodworking and textiles, as well as the regional basis for entrepreneurship training. <BR>    The case firms have achieved technological sophistication and expanded into various fields. For example, one of the companies has changed its main business from electronic cover assembly to electronic component assembly, and then to processing of automobile parts. In the craft industry, it is clear that they are actively implementing new strategies, such as building overseas sales channels, and participating in recyclingoriented regional development and tourism projects. Nagai i-bay, an incubation facility, has realized new businesses in a variety of fields, such as mechanical design and modeling.