Miyuki Ishii

This literature review explored the factors promoting interprofessional collaborative practice for the child maltreatment prevention in Japan. We searched the Japanese database of ICHUSHI-web, focusing on studies published between 1990 and 2015. The studies were examined for methodological quality using the critical appraisal checklists. We initially identified 161 articles and finally selected eight studies that met the selection criteria and were analyzed. The Collaborative Practice Circle based on the Interprofessional Education for Collaborative Patient-Centered Practice framework, was used as a conceptual framework to analyze the data and to discuss the review findings. Data analysis continued until categories were saturated using content analysis. Five categories as interactional factors, two categories as organizational factors and three categories as systemic factors were identified. The findings revealed that interactional factors were composed of practical competencies and experiences of professionals. Our findings also indicate that educational programs for improving practical competencies of professionals at the individual level and establishing a system of training and human resource development at the organizational level are required. Further research is warranted to examine the impact the challenges outlined in the interactional factors, the organizational interventions and support for clients.

The aim of this study was to explain the factors related to smoking of female nurses. The subjects were 322 female nurses in their twenties working at 3 hospitals in Kobe city. There were 65 smoking nurses and 257 non-smoking nurses. They were asked questionnaire on their own smoking habits and their friends', nicotine dependence, smoking motives, personality and stresses. As a result of the comparative analysis between smoking nurses and non-smoking nurses, the personality of extroversion in smoking nurses tended to be stronger than that of non-smoking nurses. Smoking nurses were strongly affected by smoking habits of their friends and co-workers. In addition, it was revealed that smoking nurses mainly had 4 smoking motives. The first motive was they smoked to escape from the crushing weight of caring. The second one was that they wanted some kinds of satisfaction. The third one was that they smoked unconsciously. And the last was that they took pleasure from not only smoking but also lighting cigarettes or just looking at smoke. The results of research indicate that in order to cease to smoke, the support system considerations of based upon personalities and smoking motives is necessary, and that to improve the education system about smoking at the hospitals is important.