MAYUMI SAKAMOTO

Ballistic volcanic blocks, one of the triggers of volcanic disasters, cause serious human and physical damage depending on where they fall. The latest case was the fall of the ballistic volcanic blocks near the residential area at Sakurajima volcano found on June 8, 2020. After that, a questionnaire survey of the volcanic information was conducted among residents living in Sakurajima. It clarifies the degree of awareness of changes in the volcanic alert level and the range that requires caution depending of the flying distance of ballistic volcanic blocks. As a result, it was found that although it is well recognized that the volcanic alert level is raised by the ballistic volcanic blocks, the degree of recognition of the distance from the crater to the falling point is low. It was found that 80% of the respondents answered that they knew the Sakurajima volcanic hazard map. Although the hazard map shows the evacuation sites, 30% of the respondents knew the site accurately.

In this study, we conducted a case study (hearing survey, literature survey, etc.) on a public-private partnership system in a disaster in Minamiawaji City, Hyogo Prefecture, which is one of the municipalities assumed to be affected by the Nankai Trough Earthquake, in order to obtain knowledge contributing to the enhancement of the effectiveness of public-private partnership in a disaster. As a result, this paper presents the present state and history of the public-private cooperation system in the city at the time of disaster, the problems of its effectiveness, and a part of its countermeasures.Currently, only one local government and its limited partners are shown, and more comprehensive analysis is required in the future.

会期・会場: 2021年6月13日:Zoomによるオンライン開催 application/pdf

本分科会では、災害ミュージアムのもつ役割と可能性を、4名の発表者による事例報告を通じて検討する。災害ミュージアムとは、自然災害を主題としたミュージアムのことであり、その展示を通じて後世の防災へとつなげることを使命とする。本分科会では、災害を経験した地域住民との協働によって、被災前後の生活や日常性を想起させ、災害の記憶を伝承する仕組みをもつミュージアムを創り上げていくことの重要性を指摘する。

本発表では、災害を主題としたミュージアムに着目し、災害ミュージアムを通した記憶の継承について1995年の阪神・淡路大震災後に設置された「人と防災未来センター」の事例を中心に検討する。個人的記憶にもとづき「防災」という集合的記憶を創り出すことが、災害ミュージアムの使命であることを指摘し、記憶の想起を通し、災害を知らない人を教化する装置として、災害ミュージアムの可能性を明らかにする。

This study focuses on the coordination system to receive international assistance after mega disaster based on the experience of the Great East Japan Earthquake that occurred on 11 March 2011. First, it summarizes how the coordination system for receiving international assistance after mega disasters was developed in Japan. Then, it reviews how international Urban Search-and-Rescue (US&R) teams were received in the Great East Japan Earthquake, based on interviews with municipalities which received assistance. Then, the study compares the current Japanese coordination system with other countries which had received international assistance in disasters. Finally, based on the analysis the study proposes an effective coordinating system for mega disasters.

The memories of past disaster experiences tend to fade out quickly. Survivors do not want to keep horrible memories, and try to forget it. Although the transference of lessons learnt through past disaster experience is considered as one of ways to motivate people to take disaster preventive action, the mechanism of how the personal memory form collective memory and transfer to other generation/region is still not clear. In this study, we focus on the memory of earthquake disaster in different region, Turkey, Taiwan and Indonesia. Through field studies we try to find out what kind of memory do people talk as personal memory, and how those personal memory form collective memory and will be transferred.

This study discusses requirement of effective international cooperation for disaster prevention in developing countries. In this manuscript we focus on social and cultural dimension of disaster prevention based on people's disaster perception. Firstly, we clarify the importance of socio-cultural aspect of disaster prevention through previous study and discuss its necessity for international cooperation. Then we summarize the concept of disaster perception to show framework for analyze. Through the case study of Indonesia, we show characteristic of disaster perception of disaster affected people. Finally we discuss effectiveness of disaster education at different cultural background.

A devastating landslide hit Guinsaugon Barangay (village), St. Bernard, the Southern Leyte in the Philippines on February 17, 2006, killing 154 and leaving nearly 1000 missing. The paper summarizes victims' life recovery processes and regional reconstruction processes based on the follow-up survey conducted in January 2007, one year after the landslide. Special attention is focused on, how governmental and non governmental collaborative efforts have been made for the construction and management of relocation sites for victims who lost their houses and farms, and for disaster education for people still at risk of natural disasters, including not only landslide but also flood, earthquake, and tsunami.