竹内 久美子

本研究は新卒看護師の早期退職を規定する要因を明らかにすることを目的とした。職業継続に関わる環境要因・職業選択動機について、145名を対象に入職半年後に調査した。分析の結果、消極的職業選択動機、自分なりの生活スタイルの継続、実力にふさわしい上司からの評価、仕事に対する責任感が退職を促進する要因として、希望部署への配属、上司・先輩からの適切な指導・助言、上司からの信頼感・期待感が退職を防ぐ要因として確認された。職業選択動機が早期退職に関連していることから、中学・高校での進路指導や看護基礎教育機関におけるキャリア発達支援のあり方について示唆を得た。早期退職者は自分なりの生活スタイルを重視しているため、学校生活から職業生活への移行支援が必要である。また上司からの評価や仕事への責任感が退職へつながる一方で、上司・先輩からの指導・助言・信頼感が退職を防いでいることから、新卒者への教育的配慮が重要である。 This study was designed to clarify factors that determine early retirement of nurses newly graduated from college. Factors related to the occupational mentality and continuation of work and motives of the selection of occupation were investigated in 145 nurses half a year after their first employment after graduation. Negative motives of the selection of oppupation, continuation of the lifestyle of the subjects' preference, fair evaluation of the performance or ability by superiors, and the sense of responsibility for work were revealed as factors that promoted retirement, and appropriate guidance or advice by superiors or experienced colleagues, confidence and expectation by superiors, hope for attachment was confirmed to be a factor that prevents retirement. The relationship between motives of the selection of occupation and early retirement suggests the need for improvements in junior high school and high school career guidance and support for career development at organizations of basic education in nursing. Since early retirees attach importance to maintaining their personal lifestyles, they need support in the transitional period from life as a student to life as a working person. Also, as evaluation by the superiors and the sense of responsibility for work promoted, but guidance and advice prevented, retirement, educational considerations for newly graduated nurses are considered important.