澤田 雅浩

近年、災害の大規模・広域化が懸念されている。特に、今後発生が危惧される東海・東南海・南海トラフ地震では、海抜0ｍ地帯を抱える都市部で発生する、長期湛水被害対策は、喫緊の課題である。本研究は、大規模災害による長期湛水被害に備える事前復興対策として、二地域居住政策の可能性について検討した。具体的には、南海トラフ地震で住宅再建が必要な兵庫県沿岸都市部に焦点を当て、主とする住居を選択する際の自然災害リスクの影響、および二地域居住、二地域居住地での避難の可能性をアンケート調査から明らかにした。その結果、勤務先から業務上の指示を受けて、避難行動に一定の制約を受けざるを得ない住民にとっては、二地域居住への期待感が高いことが明らかとなった。

In the Niigata-Chuetsu Earthquake 2004, Recovery of mountainous region was expected to be a prolonged process as many homes and facilities were seriously damaged. The earthquake also accelerated depopulation and the overall aging of the population, issues that had been present from well before the earthquake, and the prospect of entire communities vanishing has become even more real in people's mind. The objective of this paper is to examine the reconstruction process and explore modes of support that would be crucial for enabling sustainable recovery efforts in affected villages.

The study on restructuring a community with promoted group relocation for disaster mitigation. A case study of Jyunidaira, the relocated town of Ojiya City hit by Niigata Chuetsu earthquake. Consequently, it was able to take a general view of some points. Those who supported the external by the support of autonomy, a community-based organization, and a related-making by the leader and the volunteer.

Public Housing Provided for Earthquake Survivors for The Mid Niigata Prefecture Earthquake differed in site locations and forms depending on the reconstruction policies of the municipalities. In this research, the reality of Public Housing Provided for Earthquake Survivors after five years from the earthquake was analyzed. The results are described below. 1)The households which need consideration for living such as solitary aged people tend to be concentrated in same complexes because of the conditions of site location etc. 2) In the large-scale public housing in urban areas, there is a tendency in general they lack interaction with the local communities. 3) Among the residents of public housing, rather than in order for maintaining the communities in the villages, there are more relatively young households with a strong aspiration for permanent residency which decided to move in after prioritizing each household's relationship with blood relatives etc.

Many people were evacuated by heavy and many aftershocks when the Niigata-Chuetsu Earthquake occurred in 2004. Especially, Child raising families had more many difficulties for evacuation behavior. Therefore, this paper shows the results of a survey on awareness and action of the earthquake. To clarify the characteristics of the evacuation behavior by parents with children, and examine the role of disaster management in the future based on the results.